{
  "release_id": "thrive-v1-9d751b6f6d1787853e7f8e31",
  "flora_id": 24,
  "display_name": "Achillea maritima",
  "scientific_name": "Achillea maritima",
  "document": {
    "schema_version": "flora-language-separated-v0.3",
    "language": "zh",
    "id": 24,
    "taxonomy": {
      "original_scientific_name": "Achillea maritima",
      "accepted_name": "Achillea maritima (L.) Ehrend. & Y.P.Guo",
      "family": "Asteraceae",
      "genus": "Achillea"
    },
    "display_name": "Achillea maritima",
    "family_display": "菊科",
    "genus_display": "蓍属",
    "description": {
      "summary": "Achillea maritima（旧名 Otanthus maritimus）是地中海—大西洋滨海沙丘的多年生砂生草本。一次全年野外比较记录了它与 O. drummondii 的季节性生理差异；研究未测根区盐分，也未实施盐处理。FloraVeg 的 S=3.8是相对生态指示值。",
      "sections": [
        {
          "id": "s01",
          "title": "概述",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s01-p01",
              "text": "Achillea maritima（旧名 Otanthus maritimus）是地中海—大西洋滨海沙丘的多年生砂生草本。全年野外比较记录了它与 O. drummondii 的季节性生理差异，但未测根区盐分或实施盐处理。FloraVeg 的 S=3.8为相对生态指示值。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S3"
              ],
              "claim_type": "project_synthesis"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "s02",
          "title": "名称与分类",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s02-p01",
              "text": "接受名为Achillea maritima (L.) Ehrend. & Y.P.Guo，旧名为Otanthus maritimus。本种是地中海—大西洋滨海沙丘的多年生砂生草本。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S3"
              ],
              "claim_type": "source_fact"
            },
            {
              "id": "s02-p02",
              "text": "旧名Otanthus maritimus在既有生态和实验文献中仍常用。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S2",
                "S3",
                "S4"
              ],
              "claim_type": "project_synthesis"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "s03",
          "title": "形态与鉴别",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s03-p01",
              "text": "本种为低矮、多年生、灰白色被毛的沙生草本，叶较小，花密集成头状，外观近似滨海灌木。早期生态生理文献多以Otanthus maritimus为名。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S3",
                "S6"
              ],
              "claim_type": "source_fact"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "s04",
          "title": "分布、生境与物候",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s04-p01",
              "text": "区域植物志及异名下的野外生态生理研究确认其天然海岸沙丘/砂砾滩生境；FloraVeg也记录活动沙丘和海滩群落。它们没有给出本种盐沼/盐渍根区样点或盐胁迫阈值；盐雾和滨海位置单独不足以确认盐生根区。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S2",
                "S3",
                "S4"
              ],
              "claim_type": "source_fact"
            },
            {
              "id": "s04-p02",
              "text": "Dryades Asinara区域植物志及Herbari Virtual记录本地花期为6–8月。该岛屿/地中海记录不是全分布区统一物候日历，也不从园艺材料外推。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S6"
              ],
              "claim_type": "evidence_gap"
            },
            {
              "id": "s04-p03",
              "text": "Zunzunegui等在西班牙韦尔瓦Marismas del Odiel选取15对相邻且大小相近的成株，于11月、2月、4月和7月比较全年生理表现；研究年5–10月降雨仅44 mm。O. drummondii在春夏季同化速率较高，A. maritima的光化学效率较高。该研究是干旱海岸沙丘中的季节性野外比较，没有盐处理或根区盐度测量。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S2"
              ],
              "claim_type": "source_fact"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "s05",
          "title": "自然生境盐分关联",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s05-p01",
              "text": "异名检索下的植物志和野外研究主要记录活动沙丘、海滩砂砾地；相对生态指标或海岸位置未测量本种盐根区，砂生身份不自动等同盐生。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S2",
                "S3",
                "S4"
              ],
              "claim_type": "project_synthesis"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "s06",
          "title": "耐盐研究",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s06-p01",
              "text": "FloraVeg.EU 将本种列为相对盐分生态指示值 S=3.8。该值来自群落生态指标体系，不能换算为 NaCl、土壤 ECe 或水体盐度。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S3"
              ],
              "claim_type": "source_fact"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "s07",
          "title": "已报道机制与生态适应",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s07-p01",
              "text": "全年野外比较显示两种沙丘植物的光合表现随季节不同：A. maritima维持较高光化学效率，O. drummondii在春夏季同化速率较高。该研究未测盐处理下的离子响应或耐盐机制。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S2"
              ],
              "claim_type": "source_fact"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "id": "s08",
          "title": "研究结论与资料缺口",
          "paragraphs": [
            {
              "id": "s08-p01",
              "text": "现有证据把本种定位于滨海沙丘和砾质海滩；野外生态生理研究比较了季节性光合表现，却没有操纵或测量盐分。FloraVeg 的 S=3.8是区域相对指标。较早研究使用旧名Otanthus maritimus。",
              "source_ids": [
                "S1",
                "S2",
                "S3",
                "S4"
              ],
              "claim_type": "project_synthesis"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    "tolerance_evidence": [
      {
        "id": "M01",
        "source_ids": [
          "S3"
        ],
        "description": {
          "evidence_type": "FloraVeg.EU区域相对盐分生态指示值",
          "material": "FloraVeg.EU中Achillea maritima的汇编性物种记录",
          "salt_metric": "相对生态指示值；无盐处理",
          "value_and_unit": "S=3.8（相对量表）",
          "medium_and_exposure": "欧洲群落生态指标数据库",
          "life_stage": "区域/群落指标",
          "duration": "数据库汇编值",
          "endpoint": "生态盐分指示值",
          "result": "FloraVeg.EU列S=3.8；这是相对群落指标，不是实测NaCl、土壤ECe或水体盐度。",
          "limitations": "指标反映数据库所覆盖的欧洲生态信息，不是盐处理浓度或生理耐受端点。"
        }
      }
    ],
    "database_records": [
      {
        "name_original": "ehaloph",
        "display_name": "eHALOPH",
        "record_id": "11982",
        "verification_level": "archived_synthesis",
        "support_scope": "eHALOPH种级条目按旧名Otanthus maritimus索引，列为多年生psammophile（砂生植物），未给盐度数值，叶盐腺字段为No。数据库汇编截至2020年的异名文献，支持砂生生境分类，未提供自然盐渍根区或耐盐测量值。",
        "source_ids": [
          "S4",
          "S2"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name_original": "halophytes_tn",
        "display_name": "Halophytes.tn",
        "record_id": "1（catalogue position 78）",
        "verification_level": "archived_synthesis",
        "support_scope": "Halophytes.tn目录在物种位置78收录本种，并列异名Otanthus maritimus；该页面仅记录目录分类和滨海砂地标签，不提供本种盐性根区数据。",
        "source_ids": [
          "S5"
        ]
      },
      {
        "name_original": "floraveg",
        "display_name": "FloraVeg.EU",
        "record_id": "Achillea maritima exact match",
        "verification_level": "archived_synthesis",
        "support_scope": "FloraVeg列欧洲相对盐分指标S=3.8，并记录N14活动海岸沙丘与N22海岸砾石滩两类群落关系，未列盐生或半咸水专类关系。这些区域关联反映海岸沙丘和海滩生境；S值不是盐浓度，群落代码也不表示盐沼。",
        "source_ids": [
          "S3"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "sources": [
      {
        "id": "S1",
        "citation_original": "Dryades University of Trieste, Asinara Flora: Achillea maritima (= Otanthus maritimus)",
        "url": "https://dryades.units.it/asinara/index.php?id=5664&num=6096&procedure=taxon_page",
        "additional_urls": [],
        "source_kind": "authoritative_flora",
        "verification_level": "authority_record",
        "checked_at": "2026-10-02"
      },
      {
        "id": "S2",
        "citation_original": "Zunzunegui et al. (2020). Field comparison of ecophysiological traits between an invader and a native species in a Mediterranean coastal dune. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 146:278–286. DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.032",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.11.032",
        "additional_urls": [],
        "source_kind": "primary_field",
        "verification_level": "local_original",
        "checked_at": "2026-10-04"
      },
      {
        "id": "S3",
        "citation_original": "FloraVeg.EU, Achillea maritima species profile",
        "url": "https://www.floraveg.eu/",
        "additional_urls": [],
        "source_kind": "database",
        "verification_level": "archived_synthesis",
        "checked_at": "2026-09-29"
      },
      {
        "id": "S4",
        "citation_original": "eHALOPH species record 11982",
        "url": "https://ehaloph.uc.pt/showplant/11982",
        "additional_urls": [],
        "source_kind": "database",
        "verification_level": "archived_synthesis",
        "checked_at": "2026-09-29"
      },
      {
        "id": "S5",
        "citation_original": "Halophytes.tn profile, Achillea maritima (record 1)",
        "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20220927195022id_/http://halophytes.rnrt.tn/detail5116.html?id_plante=1",
        "additional_urls": [],
        "source_kind": "database",
        "verification_level": "archived_synthesis",
        "checked_at": "2026-09-29"
      },
      {
        "id": "S6",
        "citation_original": "Asinara coastal flora / Mediterranean coastal dune studies of Otanthus maritimus",
        "url": "https://herbarivirtual.uib.es/es/general/467/especie/achillea-maritima-l-ehrend-y-p-guo",
        "additional_urls": [],
        "source_kind": "authoritative_flora",
        "verification_level": "archived_synthesis",
        "checked_at": "2026-09-29"
      }
    ]
  }
}